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After the Heart or Heart-Lung Transplant
The Need for Medications
Because the body’s immune system is always on the alert to destroy foreign cells–including those of the new organ(s)–heart and heart-lung transplant patients must take several medications, primarily to prevent rejection of the donor organs. Different brands of drugs are available and the type, and/or dosage may be adjusted or changed periodically. Transplant patients should be aware, however, that they need to take these medications for the rest of their lives.
Typically, transplant patients are up and around a few days after surgery. If there are no immediate signs the new organs are being rejected by the body, the patient may be allowed to go home within two weeks.
Side Effects
The anti-rejection drugs, and other drugs the medical team may prescribe for your child, may have side effects. These side effects vary with the drug being used, but they might include hypertension (high blood pressure), fluid retention, diabetes, tremors, excessive hair growth and possible kidney damage. Separate medications may be prescribed to combat the side effects.
Monitoring is Important
Infection and/or rejection are the most common problems encountered in the first year after heart or heart-lung transplant. In fact, it is not uncommon for a patient to experience several “rejection episodes,” in which the body tries to reject the new organ. These episodes are usually managed by adjusting or changing the anti-rejection medication. The signs of organ rejection include sudden fatigue or changes in body functions, or there may be no symptoms at all. It is important for transplant patients to have regular medical checkups to monitor their health.
Getting Back to “Normal”
With some changes, most transplant patients can get on with their lives in a relatively normal fashion. Medications will always be a part of their lives. There may be diet changes. Regular tooth brushing becomes important, as does preventing infections. Professional counseling, parent-to-parent and patient support groups can be helpful.
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