Sugar, Sugar Substitutes, and Artificial Sweeteners

Sugar, sugar substitutes and artificial sweeteners may be safely used by children and teens with diabetes. Such sugars may be nutritive or non-nutritive sweeteners.

Nutritive Sweeteners: Sugars that contain calories. Some products are on the market as “sugarless” but contain nutritive sweeteners such as fructose or sorbitol. These sugars can be used between meals if the product that contains them has <20 calories per serving or with meals or snacks if the product has over 20 calories per serving.

Non-Nutritive Sweeteners: Sugar substitutes that do not contain calories. Presently saccharine, aspartame* and acesulfame K are the only non-nutritive sweeteners on the market. These sugar substitutes can be used during and between meals.

Sugars

Okay to use anytime in moderate amounts:
Acesulfame K	Brand Names – Sweet One, Swiss Sweet 200 times sweeter than sugar. Can be used in cooking/baking. Recommended limit of 15 mg/kg of weight per day. 50 mg/packet of sweetener.
Aspartame	Brand Names – Nutrasweet, Equal, Nutrataste 200 times sweeter than sugar. Do not use in foods cooked longer than 20-25 minutes. Recommended limit of 50 mg/kg of weight per day. 35 mg/packet of sweetener.
Saccharin	Brand Names – Sweet ’n Low, Sucaryl, Sugar Twin 300 times sweeter than sugar. Not commonly used in cooking. Recommended limit of 1000 mg/day for adults and 500 mg/day for children. 20 mg/packet of sweetener.
Sucralose	Brand Name – Splenda 600 times sweeter than sugar. Can be used in cooking/baking. Recommended limit of 5mg/kg of body weight per day. 12 mg/packet of sweetener.

* Note that aspartame and other non-nutritive sweeteners are sometimes found in products together with nutritive sweeteners. A “sugar-free” product is not always a free food.

For use in meals and snacks as part of your meal plan:
Carob	75% sugar
Chocolate	Including milk chocolate, 30-40% sugar
Corn Syrup	100% glucose
Fructose	Naturally present in fruit, also known as Levulose
Honey	Has glucose and fructose in it
Lactose	Naturally present in milk
Molasses	50-75% sugar
Sucrose	Also known as brown sugar, confectioner’s sugar, powdered sugar, table sugar. Sugar – 50% glucose, 50% fructose
Sugar Alcohol	Includes: sorbitol, maltitol, mannitol, xylitol May cause gas and/or diarrhea if moderate to large quantities are eaten.